Ken Stone gave The Connexion a lifetime of service, both in the UK and Sierra Leone. He attended a number of our churches, including Westcott, Basingstoke and, for many years, Hailsham. In this time he also guided us as the Chair of the Trustees and Sierra Leone Mission (SLM). His first wife, Prudence, was the daughter of Quinton De’Ath, a Trustee and Connexion Pastor, and in more recent years he worshipped and led the work at Hailsham with Christine Stone. Ken sadly passed away on 5 June 2023, and has since been missed by many for his selfless caring and contribution.
Recently, Christine has unearthed and kindly passed on past articles written by Ken. He wrote the following article, Introducing Sierra Leone in 2010, which can still be appreciated today.
Introducing Sierra Leone
For some 60 years I have collected books on Sierra Leone and I would like to share with you parts of a book entitled simply, “Sierra Leone”, hardback with 350 pages, published in 1924. The author, T.N. Goddard, sought to write a handbook for civil servants who then administered the country and for trading companies, historians, and people like ourselves who have a special interest . He intended to have printed regular updates, but I have not found record of any.
There are statistics in plenty, linked with summaries and even forecasts, and looking back 86 years later we find misjudgments and errors. One such is the mere 11 lines given to GEOLOGY.
“The Colony and Protectorate were subjected to a thorough survey in the years 1919-1921, but no minerals of workable value and quantity were discovered.” We know how, in recent times, massive deposits of diamonds have been discovered, and have been the cause of exploitation and the rebel wars, as well, it is said, of corruption today. Workable quantities of gold are still mined and large deposits of coal and iron ore are available as well as rutile.
CLIMATE and RAINFALL are given space, of course, and we learn from the figures that “Climate Change” is nothing new! Most readers will know that the climate is tropical with high humidity during the greater part of the year. The rainy season is May to October, and rainfall is highest on the coast and decreases gradually inland.
Careful records have been kept since 1882, and interestingly 1883 had very heavy rainfall of 204 inches. The book gives averages for 10 yearly periods, from which we see a marked decrease from 166 inches in 1882-1891 to 123 inches in 1912-1921. Apparently this decrease was common to the whole of West Africa. The current average is 175 inches annually, so higher than in the 19th century. Temperatures vary in a narrow range, from 86F (August) to 95F (March) maximum.
I have quoted these statistics because climate and rainfall have important effects on most activity in Sierra Leone, especially agriculture and transport. Areas of particular interest to us, such as church services and education are also influenced by the weather.
NATIVE ARTS AND CRAFTS. These have not changed much since 1924 in rural areas, so are of interest.
They comprise weaving, pottery, the manufacture of fibre nets and baskets, various kinds of furniture from the palm tree, iron and brass work, the forging of agricultural and sporting implements, leatherwork and ornaments.
The book says, “The woven products of the people, principally “country cloths” of great beauty of design and workmanship may be seen in every part of the country.
“ The whole process is one of hand manufacture: the women clean, spin and dye the cotton: the men weave and make up the cloth.
“As regards pottery, pots of all shapes and sizes are made without a potter’s wheel. The shaping of the vessels is done entirely by hand, the clay being rolled on a wet board or stone until it is ready for baking.
“Fishing lines and nets are manufactured by both men and women from various fibres, barks and leaves; they are of all shapes and sizes, and are coloured by the use of local vegetable dyes.“
Census Returns
A census was take in the Peninsular Area, including Freetown, in 1911, and again in 1921, and they show the memberships of the principal religions and denominations.
Church of England, 18,865 {1911) and 20,173 (1921)
Wesleyan Methodist,11,826 and 11,898
United Methodist, 3,689 and 3,243
Roman Catholic, 1,472 and 1,980
Lady Huntingdon’s Connexion, 1,805 and 1,179
United Brethren in Christ, 790 and 800
African Methodist, 480 and 541
Muslim, 11,451 and 16,611
Pagan, 24, 472 and 27, 800
The book comments on the decreasing numbers in the Connexion, and records its existence as a religious force in the Colony since its foundation in the 18th century. The Connexion performed better than some others, because between 1911 and 1921 ten churches disappeared: Congregationalists, Unitarians, Moravians, Salvation Army, Lutherans, United Free Church of Scotland, Greek Orthodox, Pentecostal, Esoteric Christians and Decker Church.
Kenneth B. Stone